Principles of Legality and Proportionality: Their Application in the Curriculum of the Bachelor's Degree in Criminology and Forensic Sciences at the Catholic University of Cuenca.
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.62697/rmiie.v4iS1.163Keywords:
Criminology, criminal justice, legality, proportionality, forensic sciencesAbstract
The criminal justice system is based on fundamental rights and principles geared toward its fair and equitable operation. Legality and proportionality are precisely part of this foundation of principles, as they are notable for their relevance and universal applicability. On the one hand, legality responds to the need for no person to be punished for conduct not previously defined as a crime within a legal system. Meanwhile, proportionality ensures that the penalties imposed are appropriate in relation to the seriousness of the crime committed. The foregoing demonstrates that the criminal justice system is oriented toward punishing offenders, but not necessarily toward preventing crime. This raises a significant question: how can the criminal justice system prevent crimes and achieve the rehabilitation of offenders, independent of its punitive power? To answer this question, a qualitative approach and an exegetical method have been used to elucidate the problems presented. As a result, it is argued that the predominantly punitive approach does not address the underlying causes of crime or promote the social reintegration of offenders. This article explores the principles described in depth and analyzes the criminological implications that reflect the need to better understand their impact on crime prevention and its application in the curriculum of the Bachelor's Degree in Criminology and Forensic Sciences at the Catholic University of Cuenca.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Paul Fernando Zambrano-Coronel, Juan Carlos Cabrera-Buestán, Manuel Andrés Aguilar-Valarezo
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